ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS
| Contraindications | Nursing Interventions | |
| propranolol (beta-blockers) | diabetes asthma peripheral vascular disease | -watch client: dizziness and fatigue increase risk of injury -advice client not to discontinue abruptly -risk of rebound hypertension, angina or MI |
| nifedipine (Ca2+ antagonists) | congestive heart failure | -advice clients not to discontinue abruptly |
| captopril (ACE inhibitor) | pregnancy | -advice client to stand up slowly (orthostatic hypotension is a common problem) |
Compliance is a big problem since side effects are often worse than disease.
(hypertension is often asymptomatic)
Thursday, May 15, 2008 | Labels: Pharmacology | 0 Comments
CORTICOSTEROIDS
| Major Side Effects | Nursing Interventions | |
| cortizone, dexamethazone | cushing's syndrome, adrenal depression, skin atrophy | CREAMS: -do not apply to broken skin -don't apply near eyes SYSTEMIC: -monitor for edema, signs of infection -avoid immobility (increased risk of osteoporosis) -never discontinue abruptly (taper the dose) |
Thursday, May 15, 2008 | Labels: Pharmacology | 0 Comments
NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
> NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and may cause erosive gastritis and bleeding. Discourage "routine" use.
| Major side effects | Nursing Interventions | |
| aspirin | GI distress, occult bleeding suppresses platelet function may cause Raye's syndrome | -give with meals or milk -dont give within 1 week of surgery (risk of bleeding) -dont give with children with viral infection |
| acetaminophen | liver toxicity with overdose | -monitor liver enzymes for 1 week in case of overdose |
| ibuprofen | GI distress | -give with meals or milk |
| phenylbytazone | bone marrow depression, anemia | -monitor CBC -should not be used for more than 1 week |
| indomethacin | CNS: dizziness, lightheadedness, blurred vision | -regular eye exam if used for long term therapy |
signs of salicylate intoxications:
mild- tinnitus, central hyperventilation
severe- respiratory plus metabolic acidosis
Reye's syndrome:
avoid aspirin in children with viral infection
rish for fulminant hepatitis, cerebral edema
-Haunurses 5/14/08 3:42 PM
Wednesday, May 14, 2008 | Labels: Pharmacology | 0 Comments
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